* * *

 by Daniel Defoe *

Introduction To The True-Born Englishman

Speak, satire; for there's none can tell like thee

Whether 'tis folly, pride, or knavery

That makes this discontented land appear

Less happy now in times of peace than war?

Why civil feuds disturb the nation more

Than all our bloody wars have done before?

Fools out of favour grudge at knaves in place,

And men are always honest in disgrace;

The court preferments make men knaves in course,

But they which would be in them would be worse.

'Tis not at foreigners that we repine,

Would foreigners their perquisites resign:

The grand contention's plainly to be seen,

To get some men put out, and some put in.

For this our senators make long harangues,

And florid members whet their polished tongues.

Statesmen are always sick of one disease,

And a good pension gives them present ease:

That's the specific makes them all content

With any king and any government.

Good patriots at court abuses rail,

And all the nation's grievances bewail;

But when the sovereign's balsam's once applied,

The zealot never fails to change his side;

And when he must the golden key resign,

The railing spirit comes about again.

Who shall this bubbled nation disabuse,

While they their own felicities refuse,

Who the wars have made such mighty pother,

And now are falling out with one another:

With needless fears the jealous nation fill,

And always have been saved against their will:

Who fifty millions sterling have disbursed,

To be with peace and too much plenty cursed:

Who their old monarch eagerly undo,

And yet uneasily obey the new?

Search, satire, search; a deep incision make;

The poison's strong, the antidote's too weak.

'Tis pointed truth must manage this dispute,

And downright English, Englishmen confute.

Whet thy just anger at the nation's pride,

And with keen phrase repel the vicious tide;

To Englishmen their own beginnings show,

And ask them why they slight their neighbours so.

Go back to elder times and ages past,

And nations into long oblivion cast;

To old Britannia's youthful days retire,

And there for true-born Englishmen inquire.

Britannia freely will disown the name,

And hardly knows herself from whence they came:

Wonders that they of all men should pretend

To birth and blood, and for a name contend.

Go back to causes where our follies dwell,

And fetch the dark original from hell:

Speak, satire, for there's none like thee can tell. 

The True Born Englishman (Excerpt) 

...

Thus from a mixture of all kinds began,

That het'rogeneous thing, an Englishman:

In eager rapes, and furious lust begot,

Betwixt a painted Britain and a Scot.

Whose gend'ring off-spring quickly learn'd to bow,

And yoke their heifers to the Roman plough:

From whence a mongrel half-bred race there came,

With neither name, nor nation, speech nor fame.

In whose hot veins new mixtures quickly ran,

Infus'd betwixt a Saxon and a Dane.

While their rank daughters, to their parents just,

Receiv'd all nations with promiscuous lust.

This nauseous brood directly did contain

The well-extracted blood of Englishmen.

Which medly canton'd in a heptarchy,

A rhapsody of nations to supply,

Among themselves maintain'd eternal wars,

And still the ladies lov'd the conquerors.

The western Angles all the rest subdu'd;

A bloody nation, barbarous and rude:

Who by the tenure of the sword possest

One part of Britain, and subdu'd the rest

And as great things denominate the small,

The conqu'ring part gave title to the whole.

The Scot, Pict, Britain, Roman, Dane, submit,

And with the English-Saxon all unite:

And these the mixture have so close pursu'd,

The very name and memory's subdu'd:

No Roman now, no Britain does remain;

Wales strove to separate, but strove in vain:

The silent nations undistinguish'd fall,

And Englishman's the common name for all.

Fate jumbled them together, God knows how;

What e'er they were they're true-born English now.

The wonder which remains is at our pride,

To value that which all wise men deride.

For Englishmen to boast of generation,

Cancels their knowledge, and lampoons the nation.

A true-born Englishman's a contradiction,

In speech an irony, in fact a fiction.

A banter made to be a test of fools,

Which those that use it justly ridicules.

A metaphor invented to express

A man a-kin to all the universe.

For as the Scots, as learned men ha' said,

Throughout the world their wand'ring seed ha' spread;

So open-handed England, 'tis believ'd,

Has all the gleanings of the world receiv'd.

Some think of England 'twas our Saviour meant,

The Gospel should to all the world be sent:

Since, when the blessed sound did hither reach,

They to all nations might be said to preach.

'Tis well that virtue gives nobility,

How shall we else the want of birth and blood supply?

Since scarce one family is left alive,

Which does not from some foreigner derive.

* Daniel Defoe born Daniel Foe, was an English trader, writer, journalist, and pamphleteer, who gained fame for his novel Robinson Crusoe. Defoe is notable for being one of the earliest proponents of the novel, as he helped to popularise the form in Britain and along with others such as Richardson, is among the founders of the English novel. A prolific and versatile writer, he wrote more than 500 books, pamphlets and journals on various topics (including politics, crime, religion, marriage, psychology and the supernatural). He was also a pioneer of economic journalism.